Exploring the Role of Photobiomodulation in Cellular Responses: Implications for Alzheimer’s Disease

Sara Castria1, Barbara Truglia, Marco Luppi & Jack A. Tuszynski

Potential therapeutic applications of photobiomodulation (PBM) involves the use of non-ionizing EM radiation in the range between infrared and ultraviolet to induce biological effects on cells, tissues and organisms. The devices used for the experiments reported here were the Bioptron device, which emits a hyperpolarized light beam (HPL) at 40 mW/cm², and the Vielight NeuroPro device, which utilizes an infrared light beam at 60 mW/cm² with a 10 Hz frequency sweep. Three different cancer cell lines were used in the experiments, namely: PC3, HeLa, and MCF7. The study focused on analyzing cell viability, morphological changes, ATP production, and metabolic shifts. The first step of the experiment involved culturing the aforementioned cells under standard conditions to promote proliferation and obtain statistically significant data for analysis. Subsequently, part of the samples was exposed to HPL (via Bioptron), while the remaining samples were exposed to infrared light (via Vielight). After irradiation, cell viability was first assessed using the Alamar Blue assay, followed by the analysis of key cytoplasmic proteins: actin, tubulin, and mitochondrial morphological changes through immunofluorescence staining. Finally, ATP production and metabolic shifts were quantified using the Glycolysis/OXPHOS Assay Kit. The study highlighted a biphasic.